Hi, in a sample from a mountain brook I found this realy small, probably first instar larva. Some 1 mm long. Maybe it is coleoptera, Scirtidae, because I already found a late instar Scirtid larva there and it also had a log antenna...
pwalter attached the following image:
Scirtidae indeed, and if it is found in a brook then it is most likely Elodes, a common representative in running waters. In the last instar (of Elodes) the thorax is distinctly broader than the abdomen.
Does someone has a scan of Nartshuk E.P. 2003. Key to families of Diptera (Insecta) of the fauna of Russian and adjacent countries. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute Vol. 294: 1-252 for me?